riskbycounty
FEMA NRI 1.19.0Updated Nov 2023 · Coverage 2014–2023Methodology

Madison County Disaster Risk

Madison County, North Carolina

FEMA Risk Rating

Very Low

National Percentile

27th

of 3,144 counties

State Rank

#93

of 100 (1 = highest risk)

Flood Risk

47th

percentile

Hazard Risk Breakdown

Flood

River, coastal, and surface flooding risk

Relatively Low

Higher than 47% of US counties

Wildfire

Wildland and wildland-urban interface fire risk

Relatively Low

Higher than 63% of US counties

Tornado

Tornado and severe thunderstorm risk

Very Low

Higher than 25% of US counties

Earthquake

Seismic activity and ground shaking risk

Relatively Low

Higher than 48% of US counties

Hurricane

Tropical cyclone and hurricane risk

Very Low

Higher than 42% of US counties

Risk Overview

About Natural Disaster Risk in Madison County, North Carolina

Madison County's low disaster risk

Madison County scores 27.35 on the composite risk scale, earning a "Very Low" rating—well below North Carolina's state average of 66.72 and far safer than many U.S. counties. This puts the county in the lower tier of natural disaster vulnerability nationally, suggesting residents face fewer compound hazards across floods, wildfires, tornadoes, earthquakes, and hurricanes.

One of North Carolina's safest counties

Madison County ranks among the lowest-risk counties in North Carolina, with only Mitchell County (23.95) scoring lower statewide. This exceptional safety profile reflects the county's geographic advantages and makes it an outlier even within a state that experiences significant regional hazard variation.

Safer than surrounding Appalachian peers

Madison County's 27.35 score significantly outperforms neighboring McDowell County (59.22) and Mitchell County, despite sharing similar mountain terrain. The county's lower wildfire risk (62.56) and minimal tornado exposure position it as notably safer than counties at lower elevations across western North Carolina.

Wildfire and earthquake are primary concerns

Wildfires present Madison County's highest hazard score at 62.56, likely driven by forest coverage and seasonal dry conditions in the mountains. Earthquake risk (47.65) ranks second, reflecting the county's proximity to seismic activity along the Appalachian region, though both remain moderate compared to statewide baselines.

Prepare for wildfire in mountain communities

Homeowners in Madison County should prioritize wildfire preparedness through defensible space maintenance and ensuring adequate homeowners insurance with wildfire coverage. Given the county's low overall risk profile, standard homeowners and auto policies typically provide sufficient protection, but reviewing earthquake coverage may be prudent given regional seismic activity.

Source: FEMA National Risk Index · Narrative reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Preparedness Guide

What to Prepare for in Madison County

Top Hazards by Exposure

  1. #1
    WildfirePrepare
    63th percentile
  2. #2
    EarthquakePrepare
    48th percentile
  3. #3
    FloodPrepare
    47th percentile

Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.19.0 · Percentiles are national (3,144 counties)

Risk Advisory: Madison County

Risk Verdict

Madison County sits in the lower tier of U.S. counties for natural disaster exposure, ranked at the 27th percentile nationally. A preparedness foundation — alert registration, household communication plan, and a basic supply review — costs little and remains valuable even at Madison County's favorable 27th percentile ranking.

Hazard Breakdown

Wildfire risk is Madison County's dominant natural hazard, ranked at the 63th percentile nationally under FEMA's National Risk Index. Earthquake ranks second at the 48th percentile nationally. Additional tracked hazards include flood (47th percentile), hurricane (42th percentile), tornado (25th percentile).

Preparedness Context

At the 63th percentile nationally for wildfire risk, Madison County households benefit from creating defensible space — a buffer of reduced vegetation around structures — and reviewing whether homeowners insurance covers wildfire damage in this region. A secondary earthquake exposure at the 48th percentile nationally means Madison County residents face hazards from two distinct natural peril categories during different seasons. Enrolling in the county's wireless emergency alert system and keeping a vehicle at least half-full during peak fire season are low-cost habits that dramatically reduce evacuation lag time for Madison County residents.

Regional Context

Madison County falls 39.4 points below North Carolina's typical county risk level, making it one of the safer natural-hazard environments in the state.

Is your household prepared for Madison County's hazards?

Review FEMA's county-specific preparedness checklists and emergency planning guides.

FEMA Ready Guide →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the natural disaster risk in Madison County, NC?
Madison County has a FEMA National Risk Index rating of Very Low, placing it in the 27th percentile nationally out of 3,144 counties. This composite score reflects the county's overall exposure to natural hazards including floods, wildfires, tornadoes, earthquakes, and hurricanes, weighted by expected annual loss and social vulnerability.
What types of natural hazards affect Madison County?
Madison County is evaluated for five major natural hazard types: wildfire (63th percentile), earthquake (48th percentile), flooding (47th percentile), hurricane (42th percentile), tornado (25th percentile). The highest-risk hazard is wildfire at the 63th percentile nationally. These scores are derived from FEMA's National Risk Index, which analyzes expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience for each hazard type.
How does Madison County risk compare to the North Carolina average?
Madison County's composite risk percentile is 27th, compared to the North Carolina state average of 67th percentile. The state's overall risk rating is Relatively Low. This means Madison County faces lower natural disaster risk than the typical county in North Carolina.
Is Madison County at risk for wildfire?
Yes, Madison County's wildfire risk is at the 63th percentile nationally. This is above the national median. For flooding specifically, Madison County is at the 47th percentile.
How is natural disaster risk measured?
FEMA's National Risk Index (NRI) calculates risk scores for 18 natural hazard types across all U.S. counties and census tracts. The composite score combines Expected Annual Loss (estimated dollar losses from each hazard), Social Vulnerability (demographic factors affecting disaster impact), and Community Resilience (ability to recover). Percentile scores rank each county against all 3,144 U.S. counties, and risk ratings range from Very Low to Very High.
Is Madison County a safe place to live?
Madison County's composite risk score of 27th percentile is below the North Carolina state average of 67th percentile, indicating relatively lower exposure to natural hazards. However, no county is completely risk-free. The primary hazard type is wildfire at the 63th percentile. Residents should still maintain emergency preparedness plans and appropriate insurance coverage.
By Evan Brooks, Data EditorUpdated Reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Data Source

Risk data sourced from the FEMA National Risk Index (NRI). Risk scores are relative rankings (0–100) across all US counties — not absolute risk measures. Higher scores indicate higher relative risk compared to other counties.

Disclaimer: This data is informational only. It is not financial, insurance, or legal advice. Always consult a qualified professional before making insurance or real estate decisions.