riskbycounty
FEMA NRI 1.19.0Updated Nov 2023 · Coverage 2014–2023Methodology

Hawaii County Disaster Risk

Hawaii County, Hawaii

FEMA Risk Rating

Relatively High

National Percentile

99th

of 3,144 counties

State Rank

#2

of 5 (1 = highest risk)

Flood Risk

99th

percentile

Hazard Risk Breakdown

Flood

River, coastal, and surface flooding risk

Relatively High

Higher than 99% of US counties

Wildfire

Wildland and wildland-urban interface fire risk

Relatively High

Higher than 98% of US counties

Tornado

Tornado and severe thunderstorm risk

Very Low

Higher than 7% of US counties

Earthquake

Seismic activity and ground shaking risk

Relatively High

Higher than 99% of US counties

Hurricane

Tropical cyclone and hurricane risk

Relatively Low

Higher than 68% of US counties

Risk Overview

About Natural Disaster Risk in Hawaii County, Hawaii

Hawaii County faces significantly elevated disaster risk

With a composite risk score of 98.51, Hawaii County ranks as relatively high risk — well above the national average. This score reflects serious exposure to multiple hazard types that affect island communities.

Highest risk among Hawaii's four counties

Hawaii County's 98.51 composite score places it at the top of risk levels statewide, exceeding the state average of 74.99 by 31 percent. Only Honolulu County approaches similar risk levels across the island state.

Risk mirrors neighboring Honolulu County

Hawaii County's 98.51 score closely tracks Honolulu County's 98.76, making both the state's riskiest counties. In contrast, Maui County (93.13) and Kauai County (84.45) face substantially lower composite risk levels.

Earthquakes and floods pose the greatest threats

Earthquake risk scores 99.14 here — among the highest hazards residents face — while flood risk reaches 98.89, reflecting Hawaii County's volcanic terrain and coastal exposure. Wildfire risk also runs high at 98.28, particularly during dry seasons.

Comprehensive insurance protects against island hazards

Hawaii County residents should prioritize earthquake coverage and flood insurance, as standard homeowner policies exclude both. Working with a local agent familiar with volcanic and coastal risks ensures your home and family have appropriate protection.

Source: FEMA National Risk Index · Narrative reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Preparedness Guide

What to Prepare for in Hawaii County

Top Hazards by Exposure

  1. #1
    EarthquakePrepare
    99th percentile
  2. #2
    FloodPrepare
    99th percentile
  3. #3
    WildfirePrepare
    98th percentile

Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.19.0 · Percentiles are national (3,144 counties)

Risk Advisory: Hawaii County

Risk Verdict

Hawaii County carries an elevated natural disaster risk burden, scoring at the 99th percentile nationally under FEMA's risk model. This risk level calls for more than general awareness: insurance coverage review, a family communication plan, and a prepared go-bag are practical priorities.

Hazard Breakdown

Earthquake risk is Hawaii County's dominant natural hazard, ranked at the 99th percentile nationally under FEMA's National Risk Index. Flood ranks second at the 99th percentile nationally. Additional tracked hazards include wildfire (98th percentile), hurricane (68th percentile), tornado (7th percentile).

Preparedness Context

Earthquake risk is Hawaii County's leading natural hazard, ranked at the 99th percentile nationally. Securing tall furniture, water heaters, and bookcases to walls with anti-tip hardware is among the simplest and most effective life-safety measures households can take. The county's flood risk at the 99th percentile nationally is a seasonal consideration alongside the year-round earthquake threat, requiring awareness of both hazard types. Hawaii County residents should locate the main gas shutoff valve and keep an appropriate wrench nearby — gas leaks cause a significant share of earthquake-related injuries and fires, and the shutoff step is safe to take immediately after shaking stops.

Regional Context

Hawaii County's composite risk score sits 23.5 points above the Hawaii county average, placing it among the more hazard-exposed counties in the state.

Is your household prepared for Hawaii County's hazards?

Review FEMA's county-specific preparedness checklists and emergency planning guides.

FEMA Ready Guide →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the natural disaster risk in Hawaii County, HI?
Hawaii County has a FEMA National Risk Index rating of Relatively High, placing it in the 99th percentile nationally out of 3,144 counties. This composite score reflects the county's overall exposure to natural hazards including floods, wildfires, tornadoes, earthquakes, and hurricanes, weighted by expected annual loss and social vulnerability.
What types of natural hazards affect Hawaii County?
Hawaii County is evaluated for five major natural hazard types: earthquake (99th percentile), flooding (99th percentile), wildfire (98th percentile), hurricane (68th percentile), tornado (7th percentile). The highest-risk hazard is earthquake at the 99th percentile nationally. These scores are derived from FEMA's National Risk Index, which analyzes expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience for each hazard type.
How does Hawaii County risk compare to the Hawaii average?
Hawaii County's composite risk percentile is 99th, compared to the Hawaii state average of 75th percentile. The state's overall risk rating is Relatively Low. This means Hawaii County faces higher natural disaster risk than the typical county in Hawaii.
Is Hawaii County at risk for earthquake?
Yes, Hawaii County's earthquake risk is at the 99th percentile nationally. This places it in the top quartile for this hazard type. For flooding specifically, Hawaii County is at the 99th percentile.
How is natural disaster risk measured?
FEMA's National Risk Index (NRI) calculates risk scores for 18 natural hazard types across all U.S. counties and census tracts. The composite score combines Expected Annual Loss (estimated dollar losses from each hazard), Social Vulnerability (demographic factors affecting disaster impact), and Community Resilience (ability to recover). Percentile scores rank each county against all 3,144 U.S. counties, and risk ratings range from Very Low to Very High.
Why is Hawaii County higher risk than average?
Hawaii County's composite risk score of 99th percentile is above the Hawaii state average of 75th percentile. This elevated risk is driven by earthquake exposure (99th percentile), along with flooding and wildfire and hurricane risk. Geographic location, terrain, climate patterns, and proximity to flood zones or fault lines all influence a county's risk profile.
By Evan Brooks, Data EditorUpdated Reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Data Source

Risk data sourced from the FEMA National Risk Index (NRI). Risk scores are relative rankings (0–100) across all US counties — not absolute risk measures. Higher scores indicate higher relative risk compared to other counties.

Disclaimer: This data is informational only. It is not financial, insurance, or legal advice. Always consult a qualified professional before making insurance or real estate decisions.