riskbycounty
FEMA NRI 1.19.0Updated Nov 2023 · Coverage 2014–2023Methodology

Washington County Disaster Risk

Washington County, Illinois

FEMA Risk Rating

Relatively Low

National Percentile

55th

of 3,144 counties

State Rank

#51

of 102 (1 = highest risk)

Flood Risk

39th

percentile

Hazard Risk Breakdown

Flood

River, coastal, and surface flooding risk

Very Low

Higher than 39% of US counties

Wildfire

Wildland and wildland-urban interface fire risk

Very Low

Higher than 4% of US counties

Tornado

Tornado and severe thunderstorm risk

Relatively Low

Higher than 44% of US counties

Earthquake

Seismic activity and ground shaking risk

Moderate

Higher than 91% of US counties

Hurricane

Tropical cyclone and hurricane risk

Very Low

Higher than 39% of US counties

Risk Overview

About Natural Disaster Risk in Washington County, Illinois

Washington near national risk baseline

With a composite risk score of 55.15, Washington County sits just below the national median for natural disaster risk. This "Relatively Low" rating masks exceptional earthquake vulnerability (90.52), which dwarfs other hazards in the county.

Slightly below Illinois average

Washington's 55.15 score sits marginally below the Illinois state average of 54.46, making it a middle-of-the-road county statewide. However, its earthquake risk ranks among the state's highest.

Similar risk profile to Union County

Washington (55.15) and Union County (55.38) have nearly identical overall risk scores, both distinguished by exceptionally high earthquake exposure. Both counties sit well below their neighbor Wayne County (40.74) in overall risk.

Earthquake dominates hazard landscape

Earthquake risk of 90.52 is Washington's defining feature and among the nation's highest, reflecting proximity to active fault zones in southern Illinois. Tornado (44.24) and hurricane (38.76) risks are secondary but still meaningful.

Earthquake insurance is essential

Earthquake coverage is critical for Washington County residents—standard policies exclude all seismic damage. Anchor heavy furniture and appliances to walls, bolt your house foundation, and keep emergency supplies accessible for rapid earthquake response.

Source: FEMA National Risk Index · Narrative reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Preparedness Guide

What to Prepare for in Washington County

Top Hazards by Exposure

  1. #1
    EarthquakePrepare
    91th percentile
  2. #2
    TornadoPrepare
    44th percentile
  3. #3
    FloodPrepare
    39th percentile

Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.19.0 · Percentiles are national (3,144 counties)

Risk Advisory: Washington County

Risk Verdict

Washington County's FEMA risk score places it at the 55th percentile nationally, indicating lower-than-typical exposure for a U.S. county. A moderate composite score often means one or two hazard categories are doing the heavy lifting — knowing which ones matters for preparation.

Hazard Breakdown

Earthquake risk is Washington County's dominant natural hazard, ranked at the 91th percentile nationally under FEMA's National Risk Index. Tornado ranks second at the 44th percentile nationally. Additional tracked hazards include flood (39th percentile), hurricane (39th percentile), wildfire (4th percentile).

Preparedness Context

With earthquake ranked as the top hazard at the 91th percentile nationally, Washington County residents benefit from reviewing homeowners insurance: standard policies rarely cover earthquake damage, and separate earthquake insurance must be purchased before an event. Tornado at the 44th percentile nationally is a separate hazard dimension for Washington County that requires different protective strategies from earthquake preparedness. Earthquake insurance in Washington County is typically offered as a separate policy — standard homeowners coverage excludes ground movement. Reviewing this gap and comparing policy options before an event is a financial preparedness step with potentially large consequences.

Regional Context

Washington County sits within 0.7 composite points of the Illinois state average, suggesting the county's hazard exposure is representative of the broader regional pattern.

Is your household prepared for Washington County's hazards?

Review FEMA's county-specific preparedness checklists and emergency planning guides.

FEMA Ready Guide →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the natural disaster risk in Washington County, IL?
Washington County has a FEMA National Risk Index rating of Relatively Low, placing it in the 55th percentile nationally out of 3,144 counties. This composite score reflects the county's overall exposure to natural hazards including floods, wildfires, tornadoes, earthquakes, and hurricanes, weighted by expected annual loss and social vulnerability.
What types of natural hazards affect Washington County?
Washington County is evaluated for five major natural hazard types: earthquake (91th percentile), tornado (44th percentile), flooding (39th percentile), hurricane (39th percentile), wildfire (4th percentile). The highest-risk hazard is earthquake at the 91th percentile nationally. These scores are derived from FEMA's National Risk Index, which analyzes expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience for each hazard type.
How does Washington County risk compare to the Illinois average?
Washington County's composite risk percentile is 55th, compared to the Illinois state average of 55th percentile. The state's overall risk rating is Relatively Low. This means Washington County faces higher natural disaster risk than the typical county in Illinois.
Is Washington County at risk for earthquake?
Yes, Washington County's earthquake risk is at the 91th percentile nationally. This places it in the top quartile for this hazard type. For flooding specifically, Washington County is at the 39th percentile.
How is natural disaster risk measured?
FEMA's National Risk Index (NRI) calculates risk scores for 18 natural hazard types across all U.S. counties and census tracts. The composite score combines Expected Annual Loss (estimated dollar losses from each hazard), Social Vulnerability (demographic factors affecting disaster impact), and Community Resilience (ability to recover). Percentile scores rank each county against all 3,144 U.S. counties, and risk ratings range from Very Low to Very High.
Why is Washington County higher risk than average?
Washington County's composite risk score of 55th percentile is above the Illinois state average of 55th percentile. This elevated risk is driven by earthquake exposure (91th percentile). Geographic location, terrain, climate patterns, and proximity to flood zones or fault lines all influence a county's risk profile.
By Evan Brooks, Data EditorUpdated Reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Data Source

Risk data sourced from the FEMA National Risk Index (NRI). Risk scores are relative rankings (0–100) across all US counties — not absolute risk measures. Higher scores indicate higher relative risk compared to other counties.

Disclaimer: This data is informational only. It is not financial, insurance, or legal advice. Always consult a qualified professional before making insurance or real estate decisions.