riskbycounty
FEMA NRI 1.19.0Updated Nov 2023 · Coverage 2014–2023Methodology

Montgomery County Disaster Risk

Montgomery County, Maryland

FEMA Risk Rating

Relatively Moderate

National Percentile

92th

of 3,144 counties

State Rank

#4

of 24 (1 = highest risk)

Flood Risk

94th

percentile

Hazard Risk Breakdown

Flood

River, coastal, and surface flooding risk

Moderate

Higher than 94% of US counties

Wildfire

Wildland and wildland-urban interface fire risk

Very Low

Higher than 25% of US counties

Tornado

Tornado and severe thunderstorm risk

Relatively Low

Higher than 79% of US counties

Earthquake

Seismic activity and ground shaking risk

Moderate

Higher than 92% of US counties

Hurricane

Tropical cyclone and hurricane risk

Moderate

Higher than 92% of US counties

Risk Overview

About Natural Disaster Risk in Montgomery County, Maryland

Montgomery County Faces Highest Risk

Montgomery County scores 91.67 on the composite risk scale, placing it substantially above the national median and indicating exceptional natural disaster exposure compared to typical U.S. counties. The county's flood risk (93.73), hurricane risk (91.78), tornado risk (78.66), and earthquake risk (91.76) all exceed national norms dramatically. This convergence of multiple extreme hazards makes Montgomery County one of America's highest-risk jurisdictions.

Maryland's Riskiest County

Montgomery County ranks as Maryland's riskiest jurisdiction with a composite score of 91.67, substantially exceeding the state average of 60.22 and surpassing all other Maryland counties. Frederick County (74.20), Harford County (72.46), and Howard County (72.42) trail significantly behind Montgomery's elevated exposure. The county's position in central Maryland and proximity to major geological and atmospheric hazard zones drives this exceptional risk profile.

Dramatically Riskier Than Peers

Montgomery County's composite score of 91.67 far exceeds neighboring Frederick County (74.20), Howard County (72.42), and Washington County. Prince George's County shares similar exposure, though Montgomery's flood risk (93.73) is exceptional within the region. Montgomery's convergence of four extreme hazards distinguishes it sharply from all surrounding jurisdictions.

Floods, Hurricanes, Earthquakes, Tornadoes

Montgomery County faces exceptional risk across four major hazard types: flood (93.73), hurricane (91.78), earthquake (91.76), and tornado (78.66)—all among the nation's highest. This rare convergence of extreme exposure demands comprehensive, multi-layered disaster preparedness. Wildfire risk alone remains moderate at 25.13, offering minimal relief in the county's dangerous hazard portfolio.

Comprehensive Coverage Is Non-Negotiable

Montgomery County residents must obtain comprehensive homeowners insurance with explicit coverage for flood, hurricane, wind, earthquake, and tornado damage—a multi-peril package essential given the county's 91.67 composite risk. Flood insurance is absolutely critical; the county's 93.73 flood risk affects even some higher-elevation properties in the Potomac River watershed. Invest immediately in structural retrofitting (reinforced roof, impact-resistant windows, storm shelter) to survive Montgomery's exceptional multi-hazard exposure.

Source: FEMA National Risk Index · Narrative reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Preparedness Guide

What to Prepare for in Montgomery County

Top Hazards by Exposure

  1. #1
    FloodPrepare
    94th percentile
  2. #2
    HurricanePrepare
    92th percentile
  3. #3
    EarthquakePrepare
    92th percentile

Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.19.0 · Percentiles are national (3,144 counties)

Risk Advisory: Montgomery County

Risk Verdict

Montgomery County faces a moderate natural disaster risk profile, ranking at the 92th percentile nationally under FEMA's composite risk model. This risk level calls for more than general awareness: insurance coverage review, a family communication plan, and a prepared go-bag are practical priorities.

Hazard Breakdown

Flood risk is Montgomery County's dominant natural hazard, ranked at the 94th percentile nationally under FEMA's National Risk Index. Hurricane ranks second at the 92th percentile nationally. Additional tracked hazards include earthquake (92th percentile), tornado (79th percentile), wildfire (25th percentile).

Preparedness Context

Montgomery County's top natural hazard is flood risk, ranked at the 94th percentile nationally. Homeowners here should confirm whether they are in a FEMA-designated flood zone and check if standard homeowners insurance covers flood damage — it typically does not. The county's second-ranked hazard, hurricane at the 92th percentile nationally, means Montgomery County residents face compounding risks from multiple natural hazard types during peak seasons. For most Montgomery County households, the highest-return preparedness step is storing critical documents in digital cloud backup combined with a pre-designated family meeting point if communication is disrupted.

Regional Context

Montgomery County's composite risk score sits 31.4 points above the Maryland county average, placing it among the more hazard-exposed counties in the state.

Is your household prepared for Montgomery County's hazards?

Review FEMA's county-specific preparedness checklists and emergency planning guides.

FEMA Ready Guide →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the natural disaster risk in Montgomery County, MD?
Montgomery County has a FEMA National Risk Index rating of Relatively Moderate, placing it in the 92th percentile nationally out of 3,144 counties. This composite score reflects the county's overall exposure to natural hazards including floods, wildfires, tornadoes, earthquakes, and hurricanes, weighted by expected annual loss and social vulnerability.
What types of natural hazards affect Montgomery County?
Montgomery County is evaluated for five major natural hazard types: flooding (94th percentile), hurricane (92th percentile), earthquake (92th percentile), tornado (79th percentile), wildfire (25th percentile). The highest-risk hazard is flooding at the 94th percentile nationally. These scores are derived from FEMA's National Risk Index, which analyzes expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience for each hazard type.
How does Montgomery County risk compare to the Maryland average?
Montgomery County's composite risk percentile is 92th, compared to the Maryland state average of 60th percentile. The state's overall risk rating is Relatively Low. This means Montgomery County faces higher natural disaster risk than the typical county in Maryland.
Is Montgomery County at risk for flooding?
Yes, Montgomery County's flooding risk is at the 94th percentile nationally. This places it in the top quartile for this hazard type.
How is natural disaster risk measured?
FEMA's National Risk Index (NRI) calculates risk scores for 18 natural hazard types across all U.S. counties and census tracts. The composite score combines Expected Annual Loss (estimated dollar losses from each hazard), Social Vulnerability (demographic factors affecting disaster impact), and Community Resilience (ability to recover). Percentile scores rank each county against all 3,144 U.S. counties, and risk ratings range from Very Low to Very High.
Why is Montgomery County higher risk than average?
Montgomery County's composite risk score of 92th percentile is above the Maryland state average of 60th percentile. This elevated risk is driven by flooding exposure (94th percentile), along with hurricane and earthquake and tornado risk. Geographic location, terrain, climate patterns, and proximity to flood zones or fault lines all influence a county's risk profile.
By Evan Brooks, Data EditorUpdated Reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Data Source

Risk data sourced from the FEMA National Risk Index (NRI). Risk scores are relative rankings (0–100) across all US counties — not absolute risk measures. Higher scores indicate higher relative risk compared to other counties.

Disclaimer: This data is informational only. It is not financial, insurance, or legal advice. Always consult a qualified professional before making insurance or real estate decisions.