riskbycounty
FEMA NRI 1.19.0Updated Nov 2023 · Coverage 2014–2023Methodology

Yellowstone County Disaster Risk

Yellowstone County, Montana

FEMA Risk Rating

Relatively Moderate

National Percentile

84th

of 3,144 counties

State Rank

#2

of 56 (1 = highest risk)

Flood Risk

85th

percentile

Hazard Risk Breakdown

Flood

River, coastal, and surface flooding risk

Moderate

Higher than 85% of US counties

Wildfire

Wildland and wildland-urban interface fire risk

Moderate

Higher than 93% of US counties

Tornado

Tornado and severe thunderstorm risk

Very Low

Higher than 29% of US counties

Earthquake

Seismic activity and ground shaking risk

Relatively Low

Higher than 75% of US counties

Risk Overview

About Natural Disaster Risk in Yellowstone County, Montana

Yellowstone County faces significant national risk

Yellowstone County's composite risk score of 83.56 with a Relatively Moderate rating places it among the higher-risk counties across the United States. Your exposure to multiple hazard types—particularly floods (84.54) and wildfires (93.45)—substantially exceeds the national average.

Montana's highest-risk county

At 83.56, Yellowstone County's composite risk is more than 2.5 times higher than Montana's state average of 33.31, making it the most hazard-exposed county in the entire state. Your vulnerability across flood, wildfire, earthquake, and tornado hazards is unmatched in Montana.

Far riskier than surrounding counties

Yellowstone's 83.56 score dramatically exceeds all neighboring counties, including Valley (35.94) and Wheatland (3.50), by enormous margins. Your county stands alone in Montana for concentrated natural disaster risk, primarily due to Billings' urban footprint and the Yellowstone River's presence.

Floods and wildfires are critical

Flood risk of 84.54 and wildfire risk of 93.45 are your county's dominant hazards, far exceeding state and national norms for both. Additionally, earthquake risk (74.65) and tornado risk (28.94) create a complex hazard environment requiring comprehensive preparedness.

Comprehensive insurance is mandatory

Flood insurance, wildfire coverage, and earthquake protection are all essential for Yellowstone County property owners—standard policies exclude these perils. Given your county's exceptional risk profile, consulting with an insurance agent about bundled multi-hazard coverage is strongly advised.

Source: FEMA National Risk Index · Narrative reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Preparedness Guide

What to Prepare for in Yellowstone County

Top Hazards by Exposure

  1. #1
    WildfirePrepare
    93th percentile
  2. #2
    FloodPrepare
    85th percentile
  3. #3
    EarthquakePrepare
    75th percentile

Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.19.0 · Percentiles are national (3,144 counties)

Risk Advisory: Yellowstone County

Risk Verdict

At the 84th percentile nationally, Yellowstone County sits in the upper half of U.S. counties for natural disaster exposure. At this risk level, having a documented household preparedness plan — not just awareness — is the meaningful next step for Yellowstone County residents.

Hazard Breakdown

Wildfire risk is Yellowstone County's dominant natural hazard, ranked at the 93th percentile nationally under FEMA's National Risk Index. Flood ranks second at the 85th percentile nationally. Additional tracked hazards include earthquake (75th percentile), tornado (29th percentile).

Preparedness Context

Yellowstone County sits at the 93th percentile for wildfire exposure. Signing up for Yellowstone County's county emergency alert system and knowing the pre-planned evacuation route before conditions deteriorate are the two highest-value preparedness actions for residents here. Alongside wildfire, flood at the 85th percentile nationally means a multi-season preparedness mindset — fire season and flood or storm season often require different household plans. In Yellowstone County, wildfire smoke often precedes the flame front by hours or days; households benefit from tracking EPA's AirNow.gov and having HEPA air filtration available as a first line of indoor protection when air quality alerts are issued.

Regional Context

The Montana county average is 50.2 composite points below Yellowstone County's score, a gap that reflects the county's elevated position in the state's hazard distribution.

Is your household prepared for Yellowstone County's hazards?

Review FEMA's county-specific preparedness checklists and emergency planning guides.

FEMA Ready Guide →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the natural disaster risk in Yellowstone County, MT?
Yellowstone County has a FEMA National Risk Index rating of Relatively Moderate, placing it in the 84th percentile nationally out of 3,144 counties. This composite score reflects the county's overall exposure to natural hazards including floods, wildfires, tornadoes, earthquakes, and hurricanes, weighted by expected annual loss and social vulnerability.
What types of natural hazards affect Yellowstone County?
Yellowstone County is evaluated for five major natural hazard types: wildfire (93th percentile), flooding (85th percentile), earthquake (75th percentile), tornado (29th percentile). The highest-risk hazard is wildfire at the 93th percentile nationally. These scores are derived from FEMA's National Risk Index, which analyzes expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience for each hazard type.
How does Yellowstone County risk compare to the Montana average?
Yellowstone County's composite risk percentile is 84th, compared to the Montana state average of 33th percentile. The state's overall risk rating is Very Low. This means Yellowstone County faces higher natural disaster risk than the typical county in Montana.
Is Yellowstone County at risk for wildfire?
Yes, Yellowstone County's wildfire risk is at the 93th percentile nationally. This places it in the top quartile for this hazard type. For flooding specifically, Yellowstone County is at the 85th percentile.
How is natural disaster risk measured?
FEMA's National Risk Index (NRI) calculates risk scores for 18 natural hazard types across all U.S. counties and census tracts. The composite score combines Expected Annual Loss (estimated dollar losses from each hazard), Social Vulnerability (demographic factors affecting disaster impact), and Community Resilience (ability to recover). Percentile scores rank each county against all 3,144 U.S. counties, and risk ratings range from Very Low to Very High.
Why is Yellowstone County higher risk than average?
Yellowstone County's composite risk score of 84th percentile is above the Montana state average of 33th percentile. This elevated risk is driven by wildfire exposure (93th percentile), along with flooding and earthquake risk. Geographic location, terrain, climate patterns, and proximity to flood zones or fault lines all influence a county's risk profile.
By Evan Brooks, Data EditorUpdated Reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Data Source

Risk data sourced from the FEMA National Risk Index (NRI). Risk scores are relative rankings (0–100) across all US counties — not absolute risk measures. Higher scores indicate higher relative risk compared to other counties.

Disclaimer: This data is informational only. It is not financial, insurance, or legal advice. Always consult a qualified professional before making insurance or real estate decisions.