riskbycounty
FEMA NRI 1.19.0Updated Nov 2023 · Coverage 2014–2023Methodology

Madison County Disaster Risk

Madison County, Tennessee

FEMA Risk Rating

Relatively Moderate

National Percentile

92th

of 3,144 counties

State Rank

#5

of 95 (1 = highest risk)

Flood Risk

73th

percentile

Hazard Risk Breakdown

Flood

River, coastal, and surface flooding risk

Relatively Low

Higher than 73% of US counties

Wildfire

Wildland and wildland-urban interface fire risk

Relatively Low

Higher than 43% of US counties

Tornado

Tornado and severe thunderstorm risk

Relatively High

Higher than 97% of US counties

Earthquake

Seismic activity and ground shaking risk

Relatively High

Higher than 98% of US counties

Hurricane

Tropical cyclone and hurricane risk

Relatively Low

Higher than 62% of US counties

Risk Overview

About Natural Disaster Risk in Madison County, Tennessee

Madison County faces above-average risk

Madison County scores 92.08 on the composite risk index with a Relatively Moderate rating, far exceeding Tennessee's average of 52.45. This is the highest-risk county among the eight profiled, driven by exceptionally high tornado and earthquake exposure.

Top-tier risk in Tennessee

Madison County ranks among the highest-risk counties in Tennessee for natural disasters. Its 92.08 score places it in the upper 10% statewide for composite natural disaster exposure.

Significantly riskier than peers

Madison County's risk profile far exceeds adjacent Lauderdale (71.56), Lawrence (69.66), and all other neighboring counties in the region. It stands apart as the most hazard-exposed county in west-central Tennessee.

Tornadoes and earthquakes dominate

Tornadoes represent an exceptional threat at 97.20—among the highest in the nation—while earthquakes at 98.19 create equally severe seismic risk. Flood exposure of 72.65 adds a third critical hazard, making Madison uniquely vulnerable.

Comprehensive coverage is essential

Madison County residents need a comprehensive insurance portfolio: earthquake insurance (98.19 risk), flood insurance (72.65), and enhanced windstorm/hail coverage (97.20 tornado risk). Review your policies annually to ensure limits match your property's replacement cost.

Source: FEMA National Risk Index · Narrative reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Preparedness Guide

What to Prepare for in Madison County

Top Hazards by Exposure

  1. #1
    EarthquakePrepare
    98th percentile
  2. #2
    TornadoPrepare
    97th percentile
  3. #3
    FloodPrepare
    73th percentile

Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.19.0 · Percentiles are national (3,144 counties)

Risk Advisory: Madison County

Risk Verdict

FEMA's National Risk Index rates Madison County at the 92th percentile nationally — above average and worth proactive preparation. Residents should prioritize a formal household emergency plan, including evacuation routes, insurance review, and a well-stocked emergency kit.

Hazard Breakdown

Earthquake risk is Madison County's dominant natural hazard, ranked at the 98th percentile nationally under FEMA's National Risk Index. Tornado ranks second at the 97th percentile nationally. Additional tracked hazards include flood (73th percentile), hurricane (62th percentile), wildfire (43th percentile).

Preparedness Context

Earthquake exposure at the 98th percentile nationally puts Madison County in a zone where utilities — gas, water, electrical — are the most common post-quake hazard. Knowing how to shut off the main gas valve is an important household skill to develop before an event occurs. The county's tornado risk at the 97th percentile nationally is a seasonal consideration alongside the year-round earthquake threat, requiring awareness of both hazard types. Madison County households benefit from keeping shoes and a flashlight near the bed — post-earthquake navigation through debris in the dark is a common cause of secondary injury. This low-cost step has outsized protective value.

Regional Context

Madison County is 39.6 composite risk points above the Tennessee average, indicating that residents face greater natural hazard exposure than most of their in-state neighbors.

Is your household prepared for Madison County's hazards?

Review FEMA's county-specific preparedness checklists and emergency planning guides.

FEMA Ready Guide →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the natural disaster risk in Madison County, TN?
Madison County has a FEMA National Risk Index rating of Relatively Moderate, placing it in the 92th percentile nationally out of 3,144 counties. This composite score reflects the county's overall exposure to natural hazards including floods, wildfires, tornadoes, earthquakes, and hurricanes, weighted by expected annual loss and social vulnerability.
What types of natural hazards affect Madison County?
Madison County is evaluated for five major natural hazard types: earthquake (98th percentile), tornado (97th percentile), flooding (73th percentile), hurricane (62th percentile), wildfire (43th percentile). The highest-risk hazard is earthquake at the 98th percentile nationally. These scores are derived from FEMA's National Risk Index, which analyzes expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience for each hazard type.
How does Madison County risk compare to the Tennessee average?
Madison County's composite risk percentile is 92th, compared to the Tennessee state average of 53th percentile. The state's overall risk rating is Relatively Low. This means Madison County faces higher natural disaster risk than the typical county in Tennessee.
Is Madison County at risk for earthquake?
Yes, Madison County's earthquake risk is at the 98th percentile nationally. This places it in the top quartile for this hazard type. For flooding specifically, Madison County is at the 73th percentile.
How is natural disaster risk measured?
FEMA's National Risk Index (NRI) calculates risk scores for 18 natural hazard types across all U.S. counties and census tracts. The composite score combines Expected Annual Loss (estimated dollar losses from each hazard), Social Vulnerability (demographic factors affecting disaster impact), and Community Resilience (ability to recover). Percentile scores rank each county against all 3,144 U.S. counties, and risk ratings range from Very Low to Very High.
Why is Madison County higher risk than average?
Madison County's composite risk score of 92th percentile is above the Tennessee state average of 53th percentile. This elevated risk is driven by earthquake exposure (98th percentile), along with tornado and flooding and hurricane risk. Geographic location, terrain, climate patterns, and proximity to flood zones or fault lines all influence a county's risk profile.
By Evan Brooks, Data EditorUpdated Reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Data Source

Risk data sourced from the FEMA National Risk Index (NRI). Risk scores are relative rankings (0–100) across all US counties — not absolute risk measures. Higher scores indicate higher relative risk compared to other counties.

Disclaimer: This data is informational only. It is not financial, insurance, or legal advice. Always consult a qualified professional before making insurance or real estate decisions.