riskbycounty
FEMA NRI 1.19.0Updated Nov 2023 · Coverage 2014–2023Methodology

Harford County Disaster Risk

Harford County, Maryland

FEMA Risk Rating

Relatively Low

National Percentile

72th

of 3,144 counties

State Rank

#7

of 24 (1 = highest risk)

Flood Risk

78th

percentile

Hazard Risk Breakdown

Flood

River, coastal, and surface flooding risk

Relatively Low

Higher than 78% of US counties

Wildfire

Wildland and wildland-urban interface fire risk

Very Low

Higher than 19% of US counties

Tornado

Tornado and severe thunderstorm risk

Very Low

Higher than 36% of US counties

Earthquake

Seismic activity and ground shaking risk

Relatively Low

Higher than 76% of US counties

Hurricane

Tropical cyclone and hurricane risk

Moderate

Higher than 82% of US counties

Risk Overview

About Natural Disaster Risk in Harford County, Maryland

Harford County Above National Risk Average

Harford County scores 72.46 on the composite risk scale, placing it well above the national median and indicating significantly higher disaster exposure than the typical U.S. county. The county's hurricane risk (81.64), earthquake risk (76.08), and flood risk (78.37) all exceed national norms substantially. These multi-hazard exposures demand serious preparedness investment from residents.

Among Maryland's Riskier Jurisdictions

Harford County ranks among Maryland's higher-risk counties with a composite score of 72.46, exceeding the state average of 60.22. Only Montgomery County (91.67) and Frederick County (74.20) and Howard County (72.42) rank notably higher in the state. Harford's position in North-Central Maryland exposes it to multiple convergent hazard types.

Elevated Risk vs. Regional Peers

Harford County's composite score of 72.46 exceeds neighboring Cecil, Kent, and eastern counties but trails Montgomery (91.67) and Howard (72.42) counties. Baltimore County presents a similar risk profile, while Anne Arundel County ranks lower. Harford's elevated earthquake (76.08) and hurricane (81.64) scores reflect its coastal and seismic exposure.

Hurricanes, Earthquakes, Floods Loom

Harford County faces exceptional hurricane risk (81.64) and earthquake risk (76.08), both significantly above state and national averages. Flood risk reaches 78.37, threatening low-lying areas near the Chesapeake Bay and river systems. Tornado and wildfire risks remain modest at 35.66 and 18.96 respectively, offering some relief in the county's hazard portfolio.

Hurricane and Earthquake Coverage Critical

Harford County residents must obtain comprehensive homeowners insurance with explicit hurricane, wind, and earthquake coverage given the county's 81.64 hurricane and 76.08 earthquake risk scores. Flood insurance is essential for properties within one mile of the Chesapeake Bay, Susquehanna River, or mapped floodplains. Retrofit your home with storm shutters, reinforced roofing, and impact-resistant windows to withstand the county's significant coastal storm exposure.

Source: FEMA National Risk Index · Narrative reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Preparedness Guide

What to Prepare for in Harford County

Top Hazards by Exposure

  1. #1
    HurricanePrepare
    82th percentile
  2. #2
    FloodPrepare
    78th percentile
  3. #3
    EarthquakePrepare
    76th percentile

Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.19.0 · Percentiles are national (3,144 counties)

Risk Advisory: Harford County

Risk Verdict

With a national percentile rank of 72th, Harford County faces below-average hazard exposure relative to U.S. counties as a whole. Above-average risk does not mean imminent danger; it signals that informed, hazard-specific preparedness has high value here.

Hazard Breakdown

Hurricane risk is Harford County's dominant natural hazard, ranked at the 82th percentile nationally under FEMA's National Risk Index. Flood ranks second at the 78th percentile nationally. Additional tracked hazards include earthquake (76th percentile), tornado (36th percentile), wildfire (19th percentile).

Preparedness Context

At the 82th percentile nationally for hurricane exposure, Harford County households benefit from reviewing both homeowners and flood insurance coverage before storm season begins — standard policies often exclude storm surge, which is the leading cause of hurricane fatalities. Harford County's flood exposure at the 78th percentile nationally adds a hazard layer that can persist or intensify after hurricane-force winds have passed, particularly in low-lying inland areas. Hurricane-force winds cause direct property damage, but storm surge causes the majority of hurricane-related deaths. Harford County households near tidal water or low-elevation areas should verify whether they are in a storm surge risk zone.

Regional Context

At 12.2 points above the Maryland state average, Harford County carries meaningfully higher natural disaster exposure than a typical Maryland county.

Is your household prepared for Harford County's hazards?

Review FEMA's county-specific preparedness checklists and emergency planning guides.

FEMA Ready Guide →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the natural disaster risk in Harford County, MD?
Harford County has a FEMA National Risk Index rating of Relatively Low, placing it in the 72th percentile nationally out of 3,144 counties. This composite score reflects the county's overall exposure to natural hazards including floods, wildfires, tornadoes, earthquakes, and hurricanes, weighted by expected annual loss and social vulnerability.
What types of natural hazards affect Harford County?
Harford County is evaluated for five major natural hazard types: hurricane (82th percentile), flooding (78th percentile), earthquake (76th percentile), tornado (36th percentile), wildfire (19th percentile). The highest-risk hazard is hurricane at the 82th percentile nationally. These scores are derived from FEMA's National Risk Index, which analyzes expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience for each hazard type.
How does Harford County risk compare to the Maryland average?
Harford County's composite risk percentile is 72th, compared to the Maryland state average of 60th percentile. The state's overall risk rating is Relatively Low. This means Harford County faces higher natural disaster risk than the typical county in Maryland.
Is Harford County at risk for hurricane?
Yes, Harford County's hurricane risk is at the 82th percentile nationally. This places it in the top quartile for this hazard type. For flooding specifically, Harford County is at the 78th percentile.
How is natural disaster risk measured?
FEMA's National Risk Index (NRI) calculates risk scores for 18 natural hazard types across all U.S. counties and census tracts. The composite score combines Expected Annual Loss (estimated dollar losses from each hazard), Social Vulnerability (demographic factors affecting disaster impact), and Community Resilience (ability to recover). Percentile scores rank each county against all 3,144 U.S. counties, and risk ratings range from Very Low to Very High.
Why is Harford County higher risk than average?
Harford County's composite risk score of 72th percentile is above the Maryland state average of 60th percentile. This elevated risk is driven by hurricane exposure (82th percentile), along with flooding and earthquake risk. Geographic location, terrain, climate patterns, and proximity to flood zones or fault lines all influence a county's risk profile.
By Evan Brooks, Data EditorUpdated Reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Data Source

Risk data sourced from the FEMA National Risk Index (NRI). Risk scores are relative rankings (0–100) across all US counties — not absolute risk measures. Higher scores indicate higher relative risk compared to other counties.

Disclaimer: This data is informational only. It is not financial, insurance, or legal advice. Always consult a qualified professional before making insurance or real estate decisions.