riskbycounty
FEMA NRI 1.19.0Updated Nov 2023 · Coverage 2014–2023Methodology

Howard County Disaster Risk

Howard County, Maryland

FEMA Risk Rating

Relatively Low

National Percentile

72th

of 3,144 counties

State Rank

#8

of 24 (1 = highest risk)

Flood Risk

78th

percentile

Hazard Risk Breakdown

Flood

River, coastal, and surface flooding risk

Relatively Low

Higher than 78% of US counties

Wildfire

Wildland and wildland-urban interface fire risk

Very Low

Higher than 16% of US counties

Tornado

Tornado and severe thunderstorm risk

Very Low

Higher than 42% of US counties

Earthquake

Seismic activity and ground shaking risk

Relatively Low

Higher than 78% of US counties

Hurricane

Tropical cyclone and hurricane risk

Moderate

Higher than 81% of US counties

Risk Overview

About Natural Disaster Risk in Howard County, Maryland

Howard County Faces Elevated National Risk

Howard County scores 72.42 on the composite risk scale, placing it well above the national median and indicating significantly higher disaster exposure than average U.S. counties. The county's hurricane risk (81.18), earthquake risk (77.51), and flood risk (78.12) all exceed national norms substantially. This multi-hazard profile demands comprehensive preparation from Howard County residents.

Upper-Tier Risk Among Maryland Counties

Howard County ranks in the upper tier of Maryland counties with a composite score of 72.42, well above the state average of 60.22. Only Montgomery County (91.67), Frederick County (74.20), and Harford County (72.46) rank higher in Maryland. Howard's central Maryland location and proximity to seismic zones drive this elevated profile.

Similar Risk to Adjacent Counties

Howard County's composite score of 72.42 closely mirrors Harford County (72.46) and Frederick County (74.20) to the north and west. Montgomery County (91.67) to the south presents notably higher risk, while Anne Arundel and Carroll counties rank lower. Howard's hazard profile reflects its transition zone between coastal and inland Maryland dynamics.

Hurricanes, Earthquakes, Floods Priority

Howard County's primary hazards are hurricane risk (81.18), earthquake risk (77.51), and flood risk (78.12)—all well above national and state averages. Tornado risk reaches 42.24, moderate but significant compared to many Maryland counties. Wildfire risk remains low at 15.55, offering one mitigation advantage in the county's disaster landscape.

Secure Multiple Hazard Coverage Now

Howard County residents should immediately obtain homeowners insurance with explicit hurricane, earthquake, and wind damage riders, as the county's 81.18 hurricane and 77.51 earthquake scores demand enhanced coverage. Flood insurance is essential for properties within mapped floodplains or near the Patapsco River and tributaries; the county's 78.12 flood risk affects broad areas. Consider reinforcing your home's roof, windows, and foundation to withstand the county's multi-hazard exposure.

Source: FEMA National Risk Index · Narrative reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Preparedness Guide

What to Prepare for in Howard County

Top Hazards by Exposure

  1. #1
    HurricanePrepare
    81th percentile
  2. #2
    FloodPrepare
    78th percentile
  3. #3
    EarthquakePrepare
    78th percentile

Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.19.0 · Percentiles are national (3,144 counties)

Risk Advisory: Howard County

Risk Verdict

Natural hazard pressure in Howard County is below the national midpoint, with a composite score at the 72th percentile. Proactive emergency planning and awareness of the specific hazards driving Howard County's score can meaningfully reduce household risk.

Hazard Breakdown

Hurricane risk is Howard County's dominant natural hazard, ranked at the 81th percentile nationally under FEMA's National Risk Index. Flood ranks second at the 78th percentile nationally. Additional tracked hazards include earthquake (78th percentile), tornado (42th percentile), wildfire (16th percentile).

Preparedness Context

Hurricane exposure at the 81th percentile nationally makes Howard County a county where pre-season preparedness — not storm-day preparation — determines outcomes. Howard County evacuation decisions under a watch or warning benefit from prior planning, not routes improvised under time pressure. Flood, the county's second-ranked hazard at the 78th percentile nationally, represents an additional preparedness consideration for Howard County independent of hurricane season. Howard County residents benefit from registering with the county's special-needs evacuation registry if household members have mobility limitations, require electricity-dependent medical equipment, or cannot self-evacuate — registration in advance of storm season is required.

Regional Context

Howard County is 12.2 composite risk points above the Maryland average, indicating that residents face greater natural hazard exposure than most of their in-state neighbors.

Is your household prepared for Howard County's hazards?

Review FEMA's county-specific preparedness checklists and emergency planning guides.

FEMA Ready Guide →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the natural disaster risk in Howard County, MD?
Howard County has a FEMA National Risk Index rating of Relatively Low, placing it in the 72th percentile nationally out of 3,144 counties. This composite score reflects the county's overall exposure to natural hazards including floods, wildfires, tornadoes, earthquakes, and hurricanes, weighted by expected annual loss and social vulnerability.
What types of natural hazards affect Howard County?
Howard County is evaluated for five major natural hazard types: hurricane (81th percentile), flooding (78th percentile), earthquake (78th percentile), tornado (42th percentile), wildfire (16th percentile). The highest-risk hazard is hurricane at the 81th percentile nationally. These scores are derived from FEMA's National Risk Index, which analyzes expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience for each hazard type.
How does Howard County risk compare to the Maryland average?
Howard County's composite risk percentile is 72th, compared to the Maryland state average of 60th percentile. The state's overall risk rating is Relatively Low. This means Howard County faces higher natural disaster risk than the typical county in Maryland.
Is Howard County at risk for hurricane?
Yes, Howard County's hurricane risk is at the 81th percentile nationally. This places it in the top quartile for this hazard type. For flooding specifically, Howard County is at the 78th percentile.
How is natural disaster risk measured?
FEMA's National Risk Index (NRI) calculates risk scores for 18 natural hazard types across all U.S. counties and census tracts. The composite score combines Expected Annual Loss (estimated dollar losses from each hazard), Social Vulnerability (demographic factors affecting disaster impact), and Community Resilience (ability to recover). Percentile scores rank each county against all 3,144 U.S. counties, and risk ratings range from Very Low to Very High.
Why is Howard County higher risk than average?
Howard County's composite risk score of 72th percentile is above the Maryland state average of 60th percentile. This elevated risk is driven by hurricane exposure (81th percentile), along with flooding and earthquake risk. Geographic location, terrain, climate patterns, and proximity to flood zones or fault lines all influence a county's risk profile.
By Evan Brooks, Data EditorUpdated Reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Data Source

Risk data sourced from the FEMA National Risk Index (NRI). Risk scores are relative rankings (0–100) across all US counties — not absolute risk measures. Higher scores indicate higher relative risk compared to other counties.

Disclaimer: This data is informational only. It is not financial, insurance, or legal advice. Always consult a qualified professional before making insurance or real estate decisions.