riskbycounty
FEMA NRI 1.19.0Updated Nov 2023 · Coverage 2014–2023Methodology

Washington County Disaster Risk

Washington County, Oregon

FEMA Risk Rating

Relatively High

National Percentile

96th

of 3,144 counties

State Rank

#3

of 36 (1 = highest risk)

Flood Risk

94th

percentile

Hazard Risk Breakdown

Flood

River, coastal, and surface flooding risk

Moderate

Higher than 94% of US counties

Wildfire

Wildland and wildland-urban interface fire risk

Relatively Low

Higher than 51% of US counties

Tornado

Tornado and severe thunderstorm risk

Relatively Low

Higher than 53% of US counties

Earthquake

Seismic activity and ground shaking risk

Relatively High

Higher than 99% of US counties

Risk Overview

About Natural Disaster Risk in Washington County, Oregon

Washington County faces high national disaster risk

Washington County scores 96.02 on the composite risk scale, placing it firmly in the Relatively High category and well above the national median. This score signals that Washington residents face notably elevated exposure to multiple serious natural hazards.

Highest-risk county in Oregon

At 96.02, Washington County significantly exceeds Oregon's state average composite risk of 63.43, making it one of the state's most hazard-prone counties. This elevated standing reflects compounded exposure across multiple disaster types, not weakness in any single category.

Washington County's flood risk stands apart

Washington's flood risk score of 93.86 dramatically exceeds its neighbors: Yamhill County (74.11) and Wasco County (59.22). While earthquake risk is comparable across the region (Washington 99.01, Yamhill 96.88, Wasco 82.98), Washington's exceptionally high flood exposure makes it uniquely vulnerable in the tri-county area.

Floods and earthquakes pose acute threats

Washington County faces a severe flood risk of 93.86—driven by its extensive river systems, urban development in floodplains, and heavy winter rainfall—making it the county's most dangerous hazard. Earthquake risk ranks close behind at 99.01, reflecting proximity to the Cascadia Subduction Zone and indicating that major seismic activity poses an existential threat to structures and infrastructure.

Flood and earthquake insurance are essential

Washington County residents must secure flood insurance immediately—standard homeowners policies exclude flood damage, and federal data shows many residents in high-risk zones remain uninsured. Paired with mandatory earthquake coverage, a comprehensive protection strategy addresses Washington County's dual crisis of water and seismic hazards.

Source: FEMA National Risk Index · Narrative reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Preparedness Guide

What to Prepare for in Washington County

Top Hazards by Exposure

  1. #1
    EarthquakePrepare
    99th percentile
  2. #2
    FloodPrepare
    94th percentile
  3. #3
    TornadoPrepare
    53th percentile

Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.19.0 · Percentiles are national (3,144 counties)

Risk Advisory: Washington County

Risk Verdict

With a national rank of 96th percentile, Washington County faces above-average natural disaster pressure across several hazard categories. High composite risk signals that multiple hazard types are elevated simultaneously; planning for more than one scenario is important in Washington County.

Hazard Breakdown

Earthquake risk is Washington County's dominant natural hazard, ranked at the 99th percentile nationally under FEMA's National Risk Index. Flood ranks second at the 94th percentile nationally. Additional tracked hazards include tornado (53th percentile), wildfire (51th percentile).

Preparedness Context

Washington County's primary hazard, earthquake, ranks at the 99th percentile nationally. Unreinforced masonry structures carry the highest injury risk during seismic events; residents in older buildings should check with their municipality about available seismic retrofit programs. Alongside earthquake exposure, Washington County's flood risk at the 94th percentile nationally reinforces the value of maintaining a household emergency supply cache usable for multiple hazard scenarios. After a major earthquake, Washington County residents should expect water service disruption for 24 to 72 or more hours. Storing a minimum of one gallon per person per day for three days — before any event — is the most direct preparedness action households can take.

Regional Context

Washington County falls 32.6 points above Oregon's typical county risk level, which means the hazard environment here is notably more demanding than the state baseline.

Is your household prepared for Washington County's hazards?

Review FEMA's county-specific preparedness checklists and emergency planning guides.

FEMA Ready Guide →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the natural disaster risk in Washington County, OR?
Washington County has a FEMA National Risk Index rating of Relatively High, placing it in the 96th percentile nationally out of 3,144 counties. This composite score reflects the county's overall exposure to natural hazards including floods, wildfires, tornadoes, earthquakes, and hurricanes, weighted by expected annual loss and social vulnerability.
What types of natural hazards affect Washington County?
Washington County is evaluated for five major natural hazard types: earthquake (99th percentile), flooding (94th percentile), tornado (53th percentile), wildfire (51th percentile). The highest-risk hazard is earthquake at the 99th percentile nationally. These scores are derived from FEMA's National Risk Index, which analyzes expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience for each hazard type.
How does Washington County risk compare to the Oregon average?
Washington County's composite risk percentile is 96th, compared to the Oregon state average of 63th percentile. The state's overall risk rating is Relatively Low. This means Washington County faces higher natural disaster risk than the typical county in Oregon.
Is Washington County at risk for earthquake?
Yes, Washington County's earthquake risk is at the 99th percentile nationally. This places it in the top quartile for this hazard type. For flooding specifically, Washington County is at the 94th percentile.
How is natural disaster risk measured?
FEMA's National Risk Index (NRI) calculates risk scores for 18 natural hazard types across all U.S. counties and census tracts. The composite score combines Expected Annual Loss (estimated dollar losses from each hazard), Social Vulnerability (demographic factors affecting disaster impact), and Community Resilience (ability to recover). Percentile scores rank each county against all 3,144 U.S. counties, and risk ratings range from Very Low to Very High.
Why is Washington County higher risk than average?
Washington County's composite risk score of 96th percentile is above the Oregon state average of 63th percentile. This elevated risk is driven by earthquake exposure (99th percentile), along with flooding and tornado and wildfire risk. Geographic location, terrain, climate patterns, and proximity to flood zones or fault lines all influence a county's risk profile.
By Evan Brooks, Data EditorUpdated Reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Data Source

Risk data sourced from the FEMA National Risk Index (NRI). Risk scores are relative rankings (0–100) across all US counties — not absolute risk measures. Higher scores indicate higher relative risk compared to other counties.

Disclaimer: This data is informational only. It is not financial, insurance, or legal advice. Always consult a qualified professional before making insurance or real estate decisions.