riskbycounty
FEMA NRI 1.19.0Updated Nov 2023 · Coverage 2014–2023Methodology

Jefferson County Disaster Risk

Jefferson County, Texas

FEMA Risk Rating

Relatively High

National Percentile

96th

of 3,144 counties

State Rank

#14

of 254 (1 = highest risk)

Flood Risk

91th

percentile

Hazard Risk Breakdown

Flood

River, coastal, and surface flooding risk

Moderate

Higher than 91% of US counties

Wildfire

Wildland and wildland-urban interface fire risk

Moderate

Higher than 92% of US counties

Tornado

Tornado and severe thunderstorm risk

Relatively High

Higher than 99% of US counties

Earthquake

Seismic activity and ground shaking risk

Relatively Low

Higher than 66% of US counties

Hurricane

Tropical cyclone and hurricane risk

Relatively High

Higher than 98% of US counties

Risk Overview

About Natural Disaster Risk in Jefferson County, Texas

Jefferson faces extreme disaster risk

Jefferson County's composite risk score of 95.67 places it in the relatively high category and nearly doubles Texas's state average of 49.00. This Southeast Texas county ranks among the nation's most hazard-exposed areas.

Among Texas's highest-risk counties

Jefferson County's 95.67 score ranks it near the top of all Texas counties for natural disaster vulnerability. Few Texas communities face the concentrated hazard exposure that characterizes this coastal industrial region.

Extreme risk dominates the coast

Jefferson County's scores far exceed most neighboring inland Texas counties, with tornado (98.51), hurricane (98.25), and wildfire (92.43) risks all critically elevated. Only other Gulf Coast counties approach this level of multi-hazard exposure.

Hurricanes, tornadoes, and flooding

Hurricane (98.25) and tornado (98.51) risks are exceptionally high, making Jefferson County extraordinarily vulnerable to severe weather. Flood risk (91.35) compounds the danger, as tropical systems and heavy rains frequently overwhelm drainage infrastructure.

Comprehensive coverage is essential

Jefferson County residents must secure flood insurance and windstorm/hurricane coverage immediately—these are not optional protections. Review all policies annually with an agent familiar with coastal Texas risks, and ensure coverage limits match current home values.

Source: FEMA National Risk Index · Narrative reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Preparedness Guide

What to Prepare for in Jefferson County

Top Hazards by Exposure

  1. #1
    TornadoPrepare
    99th percentile
  2. #2
    HurricanePrepare
    98th percentile
  3. #3
    WildfirePrepare
    92th percentile

Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.19.0 · Percentiles are national (3,144 counties)

Risk Advisory: Jefferson County

Risk Verdict

At the 96th percentile nationally, Jefferson County is among the more hazard-exposed counties in the United States. Proactive preparedness — not reactive response — is key to managing life in one of the country's higher-risk counties; Jefferson County residents should plan accordingly.

Hazard Breakdown

Tornado risk is Jefferson County's dominant natural hazard, ranked at the 99th percentile nationally under FEMA's National Risk Index. Hurricane ranks second at the 98th percentile nationally. Additional tracked hazards include wildfire (92th percentile), flood (91th percentile), earthquake (66th percentile).

Preparedness Context

At the 99th percentile nationally for tornado risk, Jefferson County households benefit most from a reliable alert system — a NOAA weather radio that activates during overnight hours when residents may not be checking smartphone alerts. Hurricane is the second hazard driver for Jefferson County at the 98th percentile nationally, meaning households should maintain awareness of both severe-weather and hurricane-specific warning systems. For Jefferson County households, a pre-decided family shelter plan — who goes where, how children are retrieved from school during a warning, and a neighborhood meet-up point if phones fail — provides real protection that no supply kit alone can replicate.

Regional Context

At 46.7 points above the Texas state average, Jefferson County carries meaningfully higher natural disaster exposure than a typical Texas county.

Is your household prepared for Jefferson County's hazards?

Review FEMA's county-specific preparedness checklists and emergency planning guides.

FEMA Ready Guide →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the natural disaster risk in Jefferson County, TX?
Jefferson County has a FEMA National Risk Index rating of Relatively High, placing it in the 96th percentile nationally out of 3,144 counties. This composite score reflects the county's overall exposure to natural hazards including floods, wildfires, tornadoes, earthquakes, and hurricanes, weighted by expected annual loss and social vulnerability.
What types of natural hazards affect Jefferson County?
Jefferson County is evaluated for five major natural hazard types: tornado (99th percentile), hurricane (98th percentile), wildfire (92th percentile), flooding (91th percentile), earthquake (66th percentile). The highest-risk hazard is tornado at the 99th percentile nationally. These scores are derived from FEMA's National Risk Index, which analyzes expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience for each hazard type.
How does Jefferson County risk compare to the Texas average?
Jefferson County's composite risk percentile is 96th, compared to the Texas state average of 49th percentile. The state's overall risk rating is Relatively Low. This means Jefferson County faces higher natural disaster risk than the typical county in Texas.
Is Jefferson County at risk for tornado?
Yes, Jefferson County's tornado risk is at the 99th percentile nationally. This places it in the top quartile for this hazard type. For flooding specifically, Jefferson County is at the 91th percentile.
How is natural disaster risk measured?
FEMA's National Risk Index (NRI) calculates risk scores for 18 natural hazard types across all U.S. counties and census tracts. The composite score combines Expected Annual Loss (estimated dollar losses from each hazard), Social Vulnerability (demographic factors affecting disaster impact), and Community Resilience (ability to recover). Percentile scores rank each county against all 3,144 U.S. counties, and risk ratings range from Very Low to Very High.
Why is Jefferson County higher risk than average?
Jefferson County's composite risk score of 96th percentile is above the Texas state average of 49th percentile. This elevated risk is driven by tornado exposure (99th percentile), along with hurricane and wildfire and flooding and earthquake risk. Geographic location, terrain, climate patterns, and proximity to flood zones or fault lines all influence a county's risk profile.
By Evan Brooks, Data EditorUpdated Reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Data Source

Risk data sourced from the FEMA National Risk Index (NRI). Risk scores are relative rankings (0–100) across all US counties — not absolute risk measures. Higher scores indicate higher relative risk compared to other counties.

Disclaimer: This data is informational only. It is not financial, insurance, or legal advice. Always consult a qualified professional before making insurance or real estate decisions.