riskbycounty
FEMA NRI 1.19.0Updated Nov 2023 · Coverage 2014–2023Methodology

Sangamon County Disaster Risk

Sangamon County, Illinois

FEMA Risk Rating

Relatively Moderate

National Percentile

92th

of 3,144 counties

State Rank

#9

of 102 (1 = highest risk)

Flood Risk

91th

percentile

Hazard Risk Breakdown

Flood

River, coastal, and surface flooding risk

Moderate

Higher than 91% of US counties

Wildfire

Wildland and wildland-urban interface fire risk

Very Low

Higher than 19% of US counties

Tornado

Tornado and severe thunderstorm risk

Relatively High

Higher than 97% of US counties

Earthquake

Seismic activity and ground shaking risk

Relatively High

Higher than 95% of US counties

Hurricane

Tropical cyclone and hurricane risk

Very Low

Higher than 41% of US counties

Risk Overview

About Natural Disaster Risk in Sangamon County, Illinois

Sangamon faces elevated disaster risk

Sangamon County scores 91.70 on the composite risk scale, placing it in the Relatively Moderate category and substantially above Illinois's state average of 54.46. This capital-region county experiences compounded hazards that require serious preparedness planning across multiple disaster types.

Third-highest risk in Illinois

Sangamon ranks among the top three riskiest counties in Illinois with its 91.70 composite score, surpassing 90% of the state's other counties. The county's tornado risk of 97.14 is among the very highest in the state, reflecting its position in the heart of tornado alley.

Most dangerous in central Illinois

Sangamon's 91.70 score makes it the most at-risk county in its region, substantially exceeding safer neighbors like Shelby County (51.75) and Schuyler County (11.36). Only St. Clair County (94.91) carries higher composite risk among Illinois counties.

Extreme tornado and flood exposure

Sangamon residents face exceptional tornado risk at 97.14 and significant flood risk at 91.16—both among the state's highest. Earthquake risk is also elevated at 94.56, creating a compound-hazard environment that demands year-round preparedness across multiple threat types.

Strengthen defenses against multiple threats

Sangamon homeowners should maintain comprehensive tornado and flood insurance, including separate NFIP flood coverage, plus earthquake insurance given the elevated seismic risk. Identify or construct a safe room rated for tornadoes, regularly update emergency supplies, and review insurance annually to ensure adequate limits.

Source: FEMA National Risk Index · Narrative reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Preparedness Guide

What to Prepare for in Sangamon County

Top Hazards by Exposure

  1. #1
    TornadoPrepare
    97th percentile
  2. #2
    EarthquakePrepare
    95th percentile
  3. #3
    FloodPrepare
    91th percentile

Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.19.0 · Percentiles are national (3,144 counties)

Risk Advisory: Sangamon County

Risk Verdict

FEMA's National Risk Index rates Sangamon County at the 92th percentile nationally — above average and worth proactive preparation. Residents should prioritize a formal household emergency plan, including evacuation routes, insurance review, and a well-stocked emergency kit.

Hazard Breakdown

Tornado risk is Sangamon County's dominant natural hazard, ranked at the 97th percentile nationally under FEMA's National Risk Index. Earthquake ranks second at the 95th percentile nationally. Additional tracked hazards include flood (91th percentile), hurricane (41th percentile), wildfire (19th percentile).

Preparedness Context

With tornado ranked at the 97th percentile nationally, Sangamon County sits in a high-exposure zone where the difference between outcomes often comes down to proximity to a reinforced interior shelter and seconds of warning time. Alongside tornado exposure, earthquake at the 95th percentile nationally means Sangamon County households face multi-hazard severe-weather seasons that benefit from a single integrated emergency plan covering both threats. For Sangamon County households, safe rooms certified to FEMA 320/361 standards offer the highest protection during a direct tornado hit; households without a safe room should locate the innermost lowest-floor room in their building and practice the route to it before storm season.

Regional Context

Sangamon County is 37.2 composite risk points above the Illinois average, indicating that residents face greater natural hazard exposure than most of their in-state neighbors.

Is your household prepared for Sangamon County's hazards?

Review FEMA's county-specific preparedness checklists and emergency planning guides.

FEMA Ready Guide →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the natural disaster risk in Sangamon County, IL?
Sangamon County has a FEMA National Risk Index rating of Relatively Moderate, placing it in the 92th percentile nationally out of 3,144 counties. This composite score reflects the county's overall exposure to natural hazards including floods, wildfires, tornadoes, earthquakes, and hurricanes, weighted by expected annual loss and social vulnerability.
What types of natural hazards affect Sangamon County?
Sangamon County is evaluated for five major natural hazard types: tornado (97th percentile), earthquake (95th percentile), flooding (91th percentile), hurricane (41th percentile), wildfire (19th percentile). The highest-risk hazard is tornado at the 97th percentile nationally. These scores are derived from FEMA's National Risk Index, which analyzes expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience for each hazard type.
How does Sangamon County risk compare to the Illinois average?
Sangamon County's composite risk percentile is 92th, compared to the Illinois state average of 55th percentile. The state's overall risk rating is Relatively Low. This means Sangamon County faces higher natural disaster risk than the typical county in Illinois.
Is Sangamon County at risk for tornado?
Yes, Sangamon County's tornado risk is at the 97th percentile nationally. This places it in the top quartile for this hazard type. For flooding specifically, Sangamon County is at the 91th percentile.
How is natural disaster risk measured?
FEMA's National Risk Index (NRI) calculates risk scores for 18 natural hazard types across all U.S. counties and census tracts. The composite score combines Expected Annual Loss (estimated dollar losses from each hazard), Social Vulnerability (demographic factors affecting disaster impact), and Community Resilience (ability to recover). Percentile scores rank each county against all 3,144 U.S. counties, and risk ratings range from Very Low to Very High.
Why is Sangamon County higher risk than average?
Sangamon County's composite risk score of 92th percentile is above the Illinois state average of 55th percentile. This elevated risk is driven by tornado exposure (97th percentile), along with earthquake and flooding risk. Geographic location, terrain, climate patterns, and proximity to flood zones or fault lines all influence a county's risk profile.
By Evan Brooks, Data EditorUpdated Reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Data Source

Risk data sourced from the FEMA National Risk Index (NRI). Risk scores are relative rankings (0–100) across all US counties — not absolute risk measures. Higher scores indicate higher relative risk compared to other counties.

Disclaimer: This data is informational only. It is not financial, insurance, or legal advice. Always consult a qualified professional before making insurance or real estate decisions.