riskbycounty
FEMA NRI 1.19.0Updated Nov 2023 · Coverage 2014–2023Methodology

St. Clair County Disaster Risk

St. Clair County, Illinois

FEMA Risk Rating

Relatively High

National Percentile

95th

of 3,144 counties

State Rank

#5

of 102 (1 = highest risk)

Flood Risk

94th

percentile

Hazard Risk Breakdown

Flood

River, coastal, and surface flooding risk

Relatively High

Higher than 94% of US counties

Wildfire

Wildland and wildland-urban interface fire risk

Very Low

Higher than 15% of US counties

Tornado

Tornado and severe thunderstorm risk

Relatively High

Higher than 95% of US counties

Earthquake

Seismic activity and ground shaking risk

Relatively High

Higher than 98% of US counties

Hurricane

Tropical cyclone and hurricane risk

Very Low

Higher than 35% of US counties

Risk Overview

About Natural Disaster Risk in St. Clair County, Illinois

St. Clair faces highest state risk

St. Clair County scores 94.91 on the composite risk scale, earning a Relatively High rating and exceeding Illinois's state average of 54.46 by nearly 75%. This southwestern county faces the most serious natural disaster exposure in Illinois across multiple compounded hazard types.

Riskiest county in Illinois

St. Clair ranks as the highest-risk county in Illinois by composite score at 94.91, surpassing 95% of the state's other counties. The county faces exceptional exposure to tornadoes (95.45), floods (94.50), and earthquakes (98.03)—a dangerous convergence of multiple hazards.

Extreme risk in regional context

St. Clair's 94.91 score exceeds all neighboring counties, with only Sangamon County (91.70) approaching similar risk levels elsewhere in the state. The county sits at the intersection of the Mississippi River floodplain, active earthquake zones, and tornado alley, creating compounding hazard exposure.

Earthquakes, tornadoes, and floods

St. Clair residents face exceptional earthquake risk at 98.03, tornado exposure at 95.45, and severe flood danger at 94.50—all among the state's highest. The combination of riverine flooding potential, seismic activity, and severe convective weather demands comprehensive preparedness across all three major hazard types.

Maximum protection is essential

St. Clair County homeowners must maintain comprehensive flood insurance through the NFIP, earthquake insurance, and robust tornado coverage as non-negotiable essentials. Invest in structural reinforcement including tornado-safe rooms and seismic tie-downs, maintain substantial emergency supplies, and review all insurance policies annually with a local agent familiar with compound-hazard risk.

Source: FEMA National Risk Index · Narrative reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Preparedness Guide

What to Prepare for in St. Clair County

Top Hazards by Exposure

  1. #1
    EarthquakePrepare
    98th percentile
  2. #2
    TornadoPrepare
    95th percentile
  3. #3
    FloodPrepare
    94th percentile

Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.19.0 · Percentiles are national (3,144 counties)

Risk Advisory: St. Clair County

Risk Verdict

Natural hazard exposure in St. Clair County is notably high, placing it at the 95th percentile among all U.S. counties. St. Clair County's elevated composite score reflects cumulative multi-hazard exposure; households should prepare for the county's two or three primary hazard types.

Hazard Breakdown

Earthquake risk is St. Clair County's dominant natural hazard, ranked at the 98th percentile nationally under FEMA's National Risk Index. Tornado ranks second at the 95th percentile nationally. Additional tracked hazards include flood (94th percentile), hurricane (35th percentile), wildfire (15th percentile).

Preparedness Context

At the 98th percentile nationally for earthquake risk, St. Clair County is in a zone where a post-earthquake communications plan matters almost as much as pre-earthquake structural preparation — phone networks are typically congested for hours after a significant event. Alongside earthquake exposure, St. Clair County's tornado risk at the 95th percentile nationally reinforces the value of maintaining a household emergency supply cache usable for multiple hazard scenarios. For St. Clair County households, the three highest-impact earthquake preparedness actions are: (1) anchor heavy furniture and water heaters, (2) store three days of water at one gallon per person per day, and (3) identify a family reunification plan for the post-quake communication blackout period.

Regional Context

A composite score 40.4 points above the Illinois state average puts St. Clair County in a higher-risk category than most counties in the state.

Is your household prepared for St. Clair County's hazards?

Review FEMA's county-specific preparedness checklists and emergency planning guides.

FEMA Ready Guide →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the natural disaster risk in St. Clair County, IL?
St. Clair County has a FEMA National Risk Index rating of Relatively High, placing it in the 95th percentile nationally out of 3,144 counties. This composite score reflects the county's overall exposure to natural hazards including floods, wildfires, tornadoes, earthquakes, and hurricanes, weighted by expected annual loss and social vulnerability.
What types of natural hazards affect St. Clair County?
St. Clair County is evaluated for five major natural hazard types: earthquake (98th percentile), tornado (95th percentile), flooding (94th percentile), hurricane (35th percentile), wildfire (15th percentile). The highest-risk hazard is earthquake at the 98th percentile nationally. These scores are derived from FEMA's National Risk Index, which analyzes expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience for each hazard type.
How does St. Clair County risk compare to the Illinois average?
St. Clair County's composite risk percentile is 95th, compared to the Illinois state average of 55th percentile. The state's overall risk rating is Relatively Low. This means St. Clair County faces higher natural disaster risk than the typical county in Illinois.
Is St. Clair County at risk for earthquake?
Yes, St. Clair County's earthquake risk is at the 98th percentile nationally. This places it in the top quartile for this hazard type. For flooding specifically, St. Clair County is at the 94th percentile.
How is natural disaster risk measured?
FEMA's National Risk Index (NRI) calculates risk scores for 18 natural hazard types across all U.S. counties and census tracts. The composite score combines Expected Annual Loss (estimated dollar losses from each hazard), Social Vulnerability (demographic factors affecting disaster impact), and Community Resilience (ability to recover). Percentile scores rank each county against all 3,144 U.S. counties, and risk ratings range from Very Low to Very High.
Why is St. Clair County higher risk than average?
St. Clair County's composite risk score of 95th percentile is above the Illinois state average of 55th percentile. This elevated risk is driven by earthquake exposure (98th percentile), along with tornado and flooding risk. Geographic location, terrain, climate patterns, and proximity to flood zones or fault lines all influence a county's risk profile.
By Evan Brooks, Data EditorUpdated Reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Data Source

Risk data sourced from the FEMA National Risk Index (NRI). Risk scores are relative rankings (0–100) across all US counties — not absolute risk measures. Higher scores indicate higher relative risk compared to other counties.

Disclaimer: This data is informational only. It is not financial, insurance, or legal advice. Always consult a qualified professional before making insurance or real estate decisions.