riskbycounty
FEMA NRI 1.19.0Updated Nov 2023 · Coverage 2014–2023Methodology

Multnomah County Disaster Risk

Multnomah County, Oregon

FEMA Risk Rating

Relatively High

National Percentile

98th

of 3,144 counties

State Rank

#1

of 36 (1 = highest risk)

Flood Risk

96th

percentile

Hazard Risk Breakdown

Flood

River, coastal, and surface flooding risk

Relatively High

Higher than 96% of US counties

Wildfire

Wildland and wildland-urban interface fire risk

Relatively Low

Higher than 67% of US counties

Tornado

Tornado and severe thunderstorm risk

Relatively Low

Higher than 47% of US counties

Earthquake

Seismic activity and ground shaking risk

Very High

Higher than 100% of US counties

Risk Overview

About Natural Disaster Risk in Multnomah County, Oregon

Multnomah faces higher-than-average disaster risk

Multnomah County's composite risk score of 98.47 and Relatively High rating place it well above the U.S. average. The county confronts a diverse hazard landscape, with particularly acute earthquake (99.59) and flood (95.55) exposure.

Oregon's riskiest county by far

At 98.47, Multnomah County's composite score far exceeds Oregon's 63.43 state average, making it the state's highest-risk county. This reflects Portland's dense urban population, aging infrastructure, and proximity to major fault lines and river systems.

Significantly riskier than surrounding areas

Multnomah's score of 98.47 dwarfs nearby Clackamas (lower risk), Yamhill, and Washington counties. The concentration of people, infrastructure, and hazard exposure in the Portland metro area drives these elevated figures.

Earthquakes and floods dominate Multnomah

Earthquake risk reaches 99.59—among the nation's highest—due to proximity to the Cascadia Subduction Zone and local faults. Flood risk scores 95.55, reflecting the Willamette and Columbia river systems and aging stormwater infrastructure throughout Portland.

Comprehensive coverage is essential

Multnomah residents should carry earthquake insurance (often available as a rider for 10–15% of home value) and verify flood coverage, especially near river corridors and low-lying areas. Wildfire insurance riders also warrant consideration given wildfire risk of 67.30 and smoke exposure during fire season.

Source: FEMA National Risk Index · Narrative reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Preparedness Guide

What to Prepare for in Multnomah County

Top Hazards by Exposure

  1. #1
    EarthquakePrepare
    100th percentile
  2. #2
    FloodPrepare
    96th percentile
  3. #3
    WildfirePrepare
    67th percentile

Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.19.0 · Percentiles are national (3,144 counties)

Risk Advisory: Multnomah County

Risk Verdict

FEMA's National Risk Index places Multnomah County at the 98th percentile nationally — in the high-risk bracket for U.S. counties. Residents should prioritize a formal household emergency plan, including evacuation routes, insurance review, and a well-stocked emergency kit.

Hazard Breakdown

Earthquake risk is Multnomah County's dominant natural hazard, ranked at the 100th percentile nationally under FEMA's National Risk Index. Flood ranks second at the 96th percentile nationally. Additional tracked hazards include wildfire (67th percentile), tornado (47th percentile).

Preparedness Context

Earthquake exposure at the 100th percentile nationally puts Multnomah County in a zone where utilities — gas, water, electrical — are the most common post-quake hazard. Knowing how to shut off the main gas valve is an important household skill to develop before an event occurs. Flood at the 96th percentile nationally is a separate hazard dimension for Multnomah County that requires different protective strategies from earthquake preparedness. Multnomah County households benefit from keeping shoes and a flashlight near the bed — post-earthquake navigation through debris in the dark is a common cause of secondary injury. This low-cost step has outsized protective value.

Regional Context

Multnomah County is 35.0 composite risk points above the Oregon average, indicating that residents face greater natural hazard exposure than most of their in-state neighbors.

Is your household prepared for Multnomah County's hazards?

Review FEMA's county-specific preparedness checklists and emergency planning guides.

FEMA Ready Guide →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the natural disaster risk in Multnomah County, OR?
Multnomah County has a FEMA National Risk Index rating of Relatively High, placing it in the 98th percentile nationally out of 3,144 counties. This composite score reflects the county's overall exposure to natural hazards including floods, wildfires, tornadoes, earthquakes, and hurricanes, weighted by expected annual loss and social vulnerability.
What types of natural hazards affect Multnomah County?
Multnomah County is evaluated for five major natural hazard types: earthquake (100th percentile), flooding (96th percentile), wildfire (67th percentile), tornado (47th percentile). The highest-risk hazard is earthquake at the 100th percentile nationally. These scores are derived from FEMA's National Risk Index, which analyzes expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience for each hazard type.
How does Multnomah County risk compare to the Oregon average?
Multnomah County's composite risk percentile is 98th, compared to the Oregon state average of 63th percentile. The state's overall risk rating is Relatively Low. This means Multnomah County faces higher natural disaster risk than the typical county in Oregon.
Is Multnomah County at risk for earthquake?
Yes, Multnomah County's earthquake risk is at the 100th percentile nationally. This places it in the top quartile for this hazard type. For flooding specifically, Multnomah County is at the 96th percentile.
How is natural disaster risk measured?
FEMA's National Risk Index (NRI) calculates risk scores for 18 natural hazard types across all U.S. counties and census tracts. The composite score combines Expected Annual Loss (estimated dollar losses from each hazard), Social Vulnerability (demographic factors affecting disaster impact), and Community Resilience (ability to recover). Percentile scores rank each county against all 3,144 U.S. counties, and risk ratings range from Very Low to Very High.
Why is Multnomah County higher risk than average?
Multnomah County's composite risk score of 98th percentile is above the Oregon state average of 63th percentile. This elevated risk is driven by earthquake exposure (100th percentile), along with flooding and wildfire risk. Geographic location, terrain, climate patterns, and proximity to flood zones or fault lines all influence a county's risk profile.
By Evan Brooks, Data EditorUpdated Reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Data Source

Risk data sourced from the FEMA National Risk Index (NRI). Risk scores are relative rankings (0–100) across all US counties — not absolute risk measures. Higher scores indicate higher relative risk compared to other counties.

Disclaimer: This data is informational only. It is not financial, insurance, or legal advice. Always consult a qualified professional before making insurance or real estate decisions.