riskbycounty
FEMA NRI 1.19.0Updated Nov 2023 · Coverage 2014–2023Methodology

Whatcom County Disaster Risk

Whatcom County, Washington

FEMA Risk Rating

Relatively Moderate

National Percentile

91th

of 3,144 counties

State Rank

#10

of 39 (1 = highest risk)

Flood Risk

89th

percentile

Hazard Risk Breakdown

Flood

River, coastal, and surface flooding risk

Moderate

Higher than 89% of US counties

Wildfire

Wildland and wildland-urban interface fire risk

Relatively Low

Higher than 62% of US counties

Tornado

Tornado and severe thunderstorm risk

Very Low

Higher than 13% of US counties

Earthquake

Seismic activity and ground shaking risk

Relatively High

Higher than 98% of US counties

Risk Overview

About Natural Disaster Risk in Whatcom County, Washington

Whatcom County faces significant earthquake risk

Whatcom County scores 90.97 on the national composite risk scale, earning a Relatively Moderate rating and significantly exceeding Washington's state average of 70.01. This Bellingham-anchored county ranks among the nation's more hazard-exposed regions, particularly for seismic events.

Among Washington's riskiest counties

Whatcom County ranks in the upper tier of Washington's disaster risk hierarchy, with a composite score of 90.97 driven primarily by extraordinary earthquake exposure. Only a handful of Washington counties exceed Whatcom's comprehensive hazard profile.

Riskier than most Pacific Northwest peers

Whatcom County's score of 90.97 significantly outpaces most neighbors, approaching Thurston County's elevated profile (94.50). Only Yakima County (94.02) comes close to Whatcom's comprehensive risk exposure in the state.

Earthquake and flood pose twin threats

Earthquake risk reaches 97.84 in Whatcom County—among the nation's highest—due to proximity to the Cascadia Subduction Zone and North American Plate boundary. Flood risk of 88.87 reflects heavy precipitation, river systems, and coastal Puget Sound influences.

Earthquake insurance is non-negotiable

Whatcom County residents must purchase separate earthquake insurance, as standard policies exclude seismic damage and Cascadia risk is substantial. Flood insurance is equally essential, particularly for homes near the Nooksack River, creeks, or Bellingham Bay shoreline.

Source: FEMA National Risk Index · Narrative reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Preparedness Guide

What to Prepare for in Whatcom County

Top Hazards by Exposure

  1. #1
    EarthquakePrepare
    98th percentile
  2. #2
    FloodPrepare
    89th percentile
  3. #3
    WildfirePrepare
    62th percentile

Source: FEMA National Risk Index v1.19.0 · Percentiles are national (3,144 counties)

Risk Advisory: Whatcom County

Risk Verdict

Natural hazard risk in Whatcom County is higher than the majority of U.S. counties, with a national composite rank of 91th. Whatcom County's elevated composite score reflects cumulative multi-hazard exposure; households should prepare for the county's two or three primary hazard types.

Hazard Breakdown

Earthquake risk is Whatcom County's dominant natural hazard, ranked at the 98th percentile nationally under FEMA's National Risk Index. Flood ranks second at the 89th percentile nationally. Additional tracked hazards include wildfire (62th percentile), tornado (13th percentile).

Preparedness Context

At the 98th percentile nationally for earthquake risk, Whatcom County is in a zone where a post-earthquake communications plan matters almost as much as pre-earthquake structural preparation — phone networks are typically congested for hours after a significant event. Alongside earthquake exposure, Whatcom County's flood risk at the 89th percentile nationally reinforces the value of maintaining a household emergency supply cache usable for multiple hazard scenarios. For Whatcom County households, the three highest-impact earthquake preparedness actions are: (1) anchor heavy furniture and water heaters, (2) store three days of water at one gallon per person per day, and (3) identify a family reunification plan for the post-quake communication blackout period.

Regional Context

A composite score 21.0 points above the Washington state average puts Whatcom County in a higher-risk category than most counties in the state.

Is your household prepared for Whatcom County's hazards?

Review FEMA's county-specific preparedness checklists and emergency planning guides.

FEMA Ready Guide →

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the natural disaster risk in Whatcom County, WA?
Whatcom County has a FEMA National Risk Index rating of Relatively Moderate, placing it in the 91th percentile nationally out of 3,144 counties. This composite score reflects the county's overall exposure to natural hazards including floods, wildfires, tornadoes, earthquakes, and hurricanes, weighted by expected annual loss and social vulnerability.
What types of natural hazards affect Whatcom County?
Whatcom County is evaluated for five major natural hazard types: earthquake (98th percentile), flooding (89th percentile), wildfire (62th percentile), tornado (13th percentile). The highest-risk hazard is earthquake at the 98th percentile nationally. These scores are derived from FEMA's National Risk Index, which analyzes expected annual loss, social vulnerability, and community resilience for each hazard type.
How does Whatcom County risk compare to the Washington average?
Whatcom County's composite risk percentile is 91th, compared to the Washington state average of 70th percentile. The state's overall risk rating is Relatively Low. This means Whatcom County faces higher natural disaster risk than the typical county in Washington.
Is Whatcom County at risk for earthquake?
Yes, Whatcom County's earthquake risk is at the 98th percentile nationally. This places it in the top quartile for this hazard type. For flooding specifically, Whatcom County is at the 89th percentile.
How is natural disaster risk measured?
FEMA's National Risk Index (NRI) calculates risk scores for 18 natural hazard types across all U.S. counties and census tracts. The composite score combines Expected Annual Loss (estimated dollar losses from each hazard), Social Vulnerability (demographic factors affecting disaster impact), and Community Resilience (ability to recover). Percentile scores rank each county against all 3,144 U.S. counties, and risk ratings range from Very Low to Very High.
Why is Whatcom County higher risk than average?
Whatcom County's composite risk score of 91th percentile is above the Washington state average of 70th percentile. This elevated risk is driven by earthquake exposure (98th percentile), along with flooding and wildfire risk. Geographic location, terrain, climate patterns, and proximity to flood zones or fault lines all influence a county's risk profile.
By Evan Brooks, Data EditorUpdated Reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Data Source

Risk data sourced from the FEMA National Risk Index (NRI). Risk scores are relative rankings (0–100) across all US counties — not absolute risk measures. Higher scores indicate higher relative risk compared to other counties.

Disclaimer: This data is informational only. It is not financial, insurance, or legal advice. Always consult a qualified professional before making insurance or real estate decisions.